Fig. 4

Diversity and spatial location of corneal basal cells during aging. a UMAP visualization of five corneal epithelial cell (CEC) clusters. b UMAP visualization showing the expression of GJA1, KRT24 and KRT3 in CECs. c Violin plots showing the expression of GJA1, KRT24 and KRT3 in each CEC subset. d Trajectory analysis of CEC subsets colored by pseudotime and subsets. e Dot plot illustrating the expression of marker genes for three basal subsets (left). The color indicates the normalized expression level, while the dot size indicates the fraction of expressing cells. Bar plot displaying the results of the GO enrichment analysis of the marker genes (right). f Spatial visualization of each basal subset in each slide, with insets showing enlarged areas of the selected regions. g Immunofluorescence staining of NTRK2 (purple) and DAPI (blue) in corneal sections. h Schematic representation of the corneal regions. i Western blot showing NTRK2 protein levels in young (8 weeks old) and aged (14 months old) mouse corneas. j Histogram showing the comparative expression levels of NTRK2 in the corneas of young and aged mice. The error bars indicate the standard error of the mean (p* < 0.05). k Violin plot showing the epithelial cell differentiation score for each basal subset. Chord diagram showing the interaction between three basal subsets, wing cells, and squamous cells. l GSEA enrichment plot showing the enriched GO terms associated with genes whose expression was upregulated in NTRK2+THBS1+ basal cells compared to that in NTRK2+ THBS1− basal cells. m Spatial visualization of NTRK2+THBS1 + basal cells, NTRK2+THBS1− basal cells, and other CECs in each slide, with insets showing enlarged areas of the selected regions